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CECILSTOWN, a village, in that part of the parish of CASTLEMAGNER, which is within the barony of DUHALLOW, county of CORK, and province of MUNSTER, 5 1/2 miles (W. N.W.) from Mallow; containing 331 inhabitants. It is situated on the road from Mallow to Kanturk, and consists of 46 houses, of which the greater number are thatched. Here is a national school, and a penny post to Mallow has been established. A constabulary police force is stationed here; and petty sessions are held in the school-house every Monday. Cecilstown has a patent for four fairs annually; but they are not now held.--See CASTLEMAGNER.

CHAPEL-CHARON, a parish, in the barony of SHELMAHEE, county of WEXFORD, and province of LEINSTER, 5 miles (N. W.) from Wexford: the population is returned with the parish of Killurin into which it has merged. It consists of only two small townlands, and is not recognised as a parish in any civil or modern ecclesiastical divisions. It is situated on the river Slaney, and on the road from Wexford to Enniscorthy, and is presumed to have been, prior to the Reformation, an appendage to Carrigmannon, the ancient seat of the family of Devereux, who had a chapel here. It is a rectory, in the diocese of Ferns, and is part of the union of Killurin. In the R. C. divisions it is included in the union or district of Glynn.

CHAPEL-IN-THE-WOODS. -- See WOODS-CHAPEL and ARDTREA.

CHAPEL-ISLAND, an extra-parochial liberty, in the barony of BANTRY, county of CORK, and province of MUNSTER, 2 miles (N. W.) from Bantry; containing 5 inhabitants. This island, which is situated in the bay of Bantry, derived its name from a chapel founded on it, of which there are no vestiges except the burial-ground. It comprises about 24 statute acres of extremely fertile land, which is in a high state of cultivation, and as part of the Bandon estate, in which parish it is locally included, is the property of the Duke of Devonshire. There is only one house on the island, which is occupied by the farmer who manages the land. Though nearly adjoining Hog and Horse islands, which also belong to the duke, it is more than 30 miles from any other portion of the Bandon estate.

CHAPELIZOD, a parish, in the barony of CASTLEKNOCK, county of DUBLIN, and province of LEINSTER, 3 miles (W.) from Dublin; containing 2181 inhabitants, of which number 1632 are in the village. This place is supposed to have derived its name from La Belle Isode a daughter of one of the ancient Irish kings, who had a chapel here. The lands belonging to it were granted by Hugh de Lacy, in 1173, to Hugh Tyrrell, which grant was afterwards confirmed by Hen. II. In 1176, they were given by the Tyrrells to the hospital of the Knights Templars of Kilmainham, and after the suppression of that order remained in possession of their successors, the Knights of St. John of Jerusalem, till the dissolution of the monasteries, in the reign of Hen. VIII. They subsequently passed through various hands till 1665, when the Duke of Ormonde, by command of the king, purchased the entire manor, with the mansion, from Sir Maurice Eustace, for the purpose of enclosing the Phoenix park, and the old mansion-house became the occasional residence of the Lord-Lieutenant. In 1671, Col. Lawrence obtained a grant of several houses and about 15 acres of land adjacent to the village for 41 years, at an annual rent of £42, for the purpose of establishing the linen manufacture, under the auspices of the Duke of Ormonde, who, with a view to promote its success, invited over numerous families from Brabant, Rochelle, the Isle of Rhe, and other places, who were skilled in the art of manufacturing linens, diapers, tickens, sail-cloth, and cordage, and established those manufactures here in the greatest perfection. In 1690, Gen. Douglas, on his march to Athlone, encamped for one night at this place; and soon after, King William himself, subsequently to his expedition to the south, passed several days here in issuing various orders and redressing grievances. In 1696, Lord Capel, Lord-Deputy of Ireland, died at the vice-regal residence here after a long illness, during which several important meetings of the council took place; and though the house was repaired by Primate Boulter, when Lord-Justice of Ireland, in 1726, it has never since been occupied by the lord-lieutenants: a house near the village, called the King's, is said to be that occasionally used as the vice-regal lodge. The village, which is of considerable size, and extends into the parish of Palmerstown, in the barony of Newcastle, is situated on the south-western verge of the Phoenix park, and contains 200 houses, of which 103 are in that part of it which is in the parish of Palmerstown. It is within the delivery of the Dublin twopenny post, and is chiefly remarkable for the beautiful scenery in its vicinity, especially along the banks of the Liffey, towards Lucan, and for the extensive strawberry beds which are spread over the northern side of the vale. The woollen manufacture was formerly carried on very extensively, and continued to flourish till the commencement of the present century, when there was a large factory, two fulling-mills, and an extensive corn and wash mill, which have been succeeded by a flax-mill on a very large scale, erected by Messrs. Crosthwaite, the present proprietors, and affording constant employment to more than 600 persons. There are also a bleach-green and several mills.

The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Dublin, united at a period unknown to the rectories of Palmerstown and Ballyfermot, together forming the union of Chapelizod, in the patronage of the Archbishop: the tithes amount to £1. 19. 5 1/2., and the gross amount for the whole benefice is £301. 19. 5 1/2. The church is a small plain edifice, erected in the reign of Anne, and remarkable only for its tower covered with ivy, from the summit of which is an extensive and highly interesting prospect over the surrounding country. There is neither glebe-house nor glebe. In the R. C. divisions this parish forms part of the union or district of Castleknock. There is a chapel in the village; and near it is a schoolroom, erected in 1834 for a school to be placed in connection with the National Board. A school is supported by subscription, in which about 18 boys and 54 girls are instructed; and there are also a pay school, in which are 60 boys and 40 girls, and two Sunday schools. A dispensary in the village is supported in the usual way. Col. Lawrence, the founder of the manufactures of this place, was the author of a well-known pamphlet, published in 1682, and entitled "The Interest of Ireland in its Trade and Wealth." The Hibernian school in the Phoenix park, described in the article on Dublin, is in this parish.

CHAPELMIDWAY, a parish, in the barony of CASTLEKNOCK, county of DUBLIN, and province of LEINSTER, 7 miles (N.) from Dublin; containing 335 inhabitants. The principal seats are Corrstown, the residence of H. Cosgrave, Esq., and Kilcorkin, of J. Litton, Esq. It is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Dublin, forming part of the union of Kilsallaghan, with which the tithes are included. In the R. C. divisions it is part of the union or district of Finglas. The ruins of the church are situated on the old road from Dublin to the Naul.

CHAPEL-RUSSELL, a parish, in the barony of KENRY, county of LIMERICK, and province of MUNSTER; containing, with the post-town of Pallas-Kenry, 1204 inhabitants. It was formerly called Kilelura or Cillena-lotar, and was created a parish, under its present name, by the late Dr. Elrington, while Bishop of Limerick. It is situated on the road from Limerick to the quay of Ringmoileau, and within a mile of the river Shannon; and contains 587 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, of which nearly the whole is arable. Prior to 1785, the whole was an open field, on which a great number of cattle depastured, but it has been enclosed. The land is tolerably fertile, and the soil is everywhere based on limestone, which in some places rises above the surface. Near the town of Pallas-Kenry are two small lakes, which appear to have been formed by cutting turf. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Limerick, and in the patronage of the Bishop; it was formerly part of the bishop's mensal, but on its being erected into a rectory by Dr. Elrington, he endowed it with all the tithes, which amount to £55. 7. 8 1/2. The parish appears formerly to have been part of the parish of Ardcanny, or to have been held by the same incumbent; and the church of that parish being in a ruinous state, and situated at the southern extremity of the parish, it is the intention of the bishop to unite the two parishes, when the church of Chapel-Russell, which is a large and handsome edifice, will become the church of the union. It was built in 1822, by aid of a gift of £900 from the late Board of First Fruits, and £100 from the Incorporated Society, for the erection of a gallery for the children of the Shannon Grove charter school; but as this school was suppressed soon afterwards, the gallery is now open to the parishioners. The Ecclesiastical Commissioners have lately granted £116 for repairing the church. There is neither glebe-house nor glebe. In the R. C. divisions this parish forms part of the union or district of Kildimo: the chapel, which is a neat building, is at White Forge. There is also a chapel for Wesleyan Methodists. The parochial schools, in which are about 100 children, are aided by subscriptions from Lord Charleville and the rector: about the same number also receive instruction in two private schools. There were formerly two charter schools, one of which long since fell into decay, but the other existed till within the last few years, under the patronage of the Charleville family. The school, which cost £5000, is large and well built, and is now occupied in separate tenements; and the land is held by a farmer. A loan fund has been established. Within the parish are the ruins of the castle of Pallas-Kenry, originally built by the O'Donovans, but subsequently occupied by the Fitzgeralds, Knights of the Valley, who greatly enlarged and strengthened it at various periods: a great part of the walls fell down in the winter of 1834, but it is still a picturesque and beautiful ruin. Not far distant from it is the curious little church of Killenalotar, only twelve feet long and eight broad; the walls, the west door, and the east window are quite perfect.--See PALLAS-KENRY.

CHAPPLE (or the Chapel of St. Clement), a parish, in the barony of BANTRY, county of WEXFORD, and province of LEINSTER, 6 miles (S. S. W.) from Enniscorthy; containing 827 inhabitants. It is situated on the little river Boro, and on the mail car road from New Ross to Enniscorthy, and contains 3747 statute acres, which are chiefly under tillage. The soil is in general light and poor, and the state of agriculture has undergone but little improvement. At Boro Hill is the seat of Jeremiah Fitzhenry, Esq. The living is an impropriate curacy, in the diocese of Ferns, and is part of the union of Killegney; the rectory is appropriate to the bishoprick. There is a glebe of 16 acres, and the tithes amount to £173. 10. 9. In the R. C. divisions this parish forms part of the union or district of Templeudigan, also called Killegney: the chapel, a neat building, is at Clogbawn or Cloughbawn, in this parish, and was erected soon after 1798, partly by a loan from Government. Near it is the national school, built in 1816 by Lord Carew, who has endowed it with four acres of land, and allows £15 per annum to the master. No less than 84 young men, who have been educated at this school, have subsequently become schoolmasters. About 120 boys and 30 girls are taught in the school, and about 70 more children in three private schools.

CHARLESTOWN, a village, in the parish of KILBRIDE-LANGAN, barony of KILCOURSEY, KING’S county, and province of LEINSTER, adjoining the town of Clara: the population is returned with the parish. This place is situated on the road from Farbane to Kilbeggan, and was formerly the seat of an extensive linen trade, for the management of which a linen-hall was established. The village consists of about 40 houses, and had a patent for two annual fairs and a linen market weekly on Monday. Adjoining it is the castle of Kilcoursey, once a place of great strength, which gave name to the barony. In the vicinity are also Cloghatana, the old residence of the Fox family; Ballynamintan and Marshbrook, the ancient seats of the Mars family; and Kilfylan, the residence of an ancient branch of the De Berminghams.

CHEEKPOINt, or BOLTON, a village, in the parish of FAITHLEGG, barony of GAULTIER, county of WATERFORD, and province of MUNSTER, 1 1/2 mile (N.) from Passage: the population returned with the parish. This place, which was formerly part of the estate of the late Mr. Bolton, and is now the property of Nicholas Power, Esq., of Faithlegg House, is situated on Waterford harbour, at the confluence of the rivers Suir and Barrow, the latter of which is navigable for ships to the town of New Ross. It was formerly the Waterford post-office packet station, and the seat of a hosiery and cotton manufacture, but the station has been removed to Dun-more, and the manufacture has failed. Rope-making was also carried on to a limited extent; but since the removal of the packet station, the place has fallen into decay.

CHURCH-HILL, a post-town, in the parish of INNISMACSAINt, barony of MAGHERABOY, county of FERMANAGH, and province of ULSTER, 9 miles (N. W.) from Enniskillen, and 89 1/2 miles (N. W.) from Dublin: the population is returned with the parish. This place is situated near the mail coach road from Dublin to Ballyshannon, and has a sub-post-office to the latter place and Enniskillen. Fairs are held on the 14th of May, 30th of August, and 30th of November. There is a place of worship for Wesleyan Methodists; and a dispensary.

CHURCH ISLAND, or INNISMORE ISLAND, in the parish of CALRY, Upper half-barony of CARBERY, county of SLIGO, and province of Connaught, 3 1/2 miles (E.) from Sligo; containing, in 1821, 9 inhabitants. It is situated in Lough Gill, and contains 180 acres, the property of Owen Wynne, Esq. St. Lemon founded a church here in the time of St. Columb, the rains of which still exist at the east end of the island, overgrown with ivy. The abbey was accidentally destroyed by fire in 1416, in which the valuable manuscripts of O'Curnin, together with the short book of that family, and many other rare curiosities, perished. In former ages it was the burial-place of the parishioners.

CHURCH-JERPOINT. -- See JERPOINT-CHURCH.

CHURCHTOWN, or BALLINTEMPLE, a parish, in the barony of IMOKILLY, county of CORK, and province of MUNSTER, 4 miles (S. E.) from Cloyne; containing 1756 inhabitants. This parish, called also Ballygourney, is situated on St. George's channel, and comprises 4730 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act and valued at £2123. 19. 8. per annum. The greater part of the surface is hilly; the soil generally is light and shallow, resting wholly on a substratum of clay-slate, and the lands are principally under tillage. The village consists of 35 dwellings, most of which are small mud cabins roofed with thatch. Between this parish and that of Kilmahon is a detached portion of the parish of Ballyoughtra, called Snugborough, containing 92 acres, and more than two miles distant from the main body of that parish. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Cloyne, and is part of the union of Lisgoold, and the corps of the precentorship in the cathedral church of St. Colman, Cloyne. The tithes amount to £500. 5. The old parish church has long been in ruins; but a district church for this parish and that of Ballycotton was erected in 1835, at an expense of £330. raised by subscription. The glebe comprises seven acres in two portions. In the R. C. divisions the parish forms part of the union of Cloyne; the chapel is a small neat edifice. The male and female parochial school for this parish and those of Kilmahon and Ballycotton is situated at Ballybraher, and is supported by subscription; and there are two pay schools. There are two coast-guard stations, situated respectively at Ballyandrein and Ballycotton, within the Youghal district.

CHURCHTOWN, or BRUHENNY, a parish, in the barony of ORRERY, county of CORK, and province of MUNSTER, 3 1/2 miles (N. by W.) from Buttevant; containing 2795 inhabitants. This parish is situated on the road from Buttevant to Liscarrol, and contains 7029 1/2 statute acres rated to the county cess, and valued at £6334. 16. 11. per annum. The land is generally good, and mostly in pasture; and agriculture is improving. Some bog, limestone, and a reddish-coloured marble are found here. The principal seats are Burton House, originally built by Sir Philip Perceval, destroyed in the war of 1641, rebuilt by the late Earl of Egmont, and now the residence of the Rev. Matthew Purcell; and Churchtown House, the residence of the Rev. F. W. Crofts. The village contains several neat slated houses, a good inn, and a constabulary police station. A court for the manor of Burton, which includes several parishes, is held once in three weeks, in which debts not exceeding 40s. late currency are recoverable. The greater part of the parish is the property of the Earl of Egmont, who takes his title from the townland of Egmont, within its limits. The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Cloyne, and in the patronage of the Bishop: the tithes amount to £550. The church is a plain building with a square tower; and the spire, which was thrown down about three years since, has been rebuilt by a grant of £258 from the Ecclesiastical Commissioners. There is no glebe-house, but a glebe of 12 acres. In the R. C. divisions this parish forms part of the union or district of Liscarrol: the chapel is a neat cruciform building, and is about to be improved. There are two private schools, in which are about 80 boys and 30 girls; and the Earl of Egmont intends to build one at Churchtown, capable of accommodating 700 children, which will be placed under the National Board.

CHURCHTOWN, county of DUBLIN.--See TANEY.

CHURCHTOWN, or RHEBAN, a parish, in the barony of WEST NARRAGH and RHEBAN, county of KILDARE, and province of LEINSTER; containing, with part of the post-town of Athy, 2009 inhabitants, of which number, 706 are in the town. This parish is situated on the river Barrow, and on the road from Athy to Monastereven, and contains 7245 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act. It is the site of the ancient city and castle of Rheban, noticed in Ptolemy's map as one of the principal inland cities, the only remains of which are a deep quadrangular intrenchment, with a high conical mount at its western extremity. A fair was formerly held here on St. Michael's day, but has long since been removed to Athy. It is an impropriate curacy, in the diocese of Dublin, and is one of the nine denominations which constitute the union of Athy or Nicholastown; the rectory is impropriate. The tithes amount to £390, of which £260 is paid to the impropriator, and £130 to the incumbent. In the R. C. divisions also the parish forms part of the union or district of Athy.

CHURCHTOWN, a parish, in the barony of LOWER NAVAN, county of MEATH, and province of LEINSTER, 3 miles (N. N. E.) from Trim; containing 448 inhabitants. This parish is situated on the road from Ardbraccan to Trim, and on that from Athboy to Navan, and is separated from Clonmacduff by a small river: the land is principally under tillage, and has a substratum of limestone. The principal seats are Philpotstown, the residence of John T. Young, Esq.; and Churchtown, of Mrs. Kellett. It is in the diocese of Meath, and is one of the six parishes which constitute the union of Ardbraccan; the rectory is impropriate in the representatives of Miss Reynell, of Killynan. The tithes amount to £53. 1. 6 1/2. per ann., of which £43. 6. 11. is payable to the impropriator, and the remainder to the incumbent. In the R. C. divisions the parish is united to those of Clonmacduff, Moymet, Tullyhanogue, Rataine, and Kilcooly, called the union of Dunderry, or of Churchtown and Moymet, in each of which latter places are chapels; that of Churchtown is situated at Dunderry bridge. There is a school at Dunderry, aided by annual donations from the Earl of Fingall and Earl Ludlow. Some small remains of the old church exist, with a burial-ground attached.

CHURCHTOWN, a parish, in the barony of RATHCONRATH, county of WESTMEATH, and province of LEINSTER, 4 3/4 miles (W. by S.) from Mullingar; containing 980 inhabitants. This parish is situated on the road from Mullingar to Athlone, and on Lough Ennel, by which it is bounded on the south; it comprises 966 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act. The land is chiefly in pasture; that which is under tillage produces good crops, and the system of agriculture is gradually improving: there is a small portion of bog, and abundance of limestone. The Royal Canal nearly touches the northern extremity of the parish. The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Meath, united by act of council, in 1809) to the rectory of Dysart and the chapelry of Conragh, and in the alternate patronage of the Crown and the Bishop: the tithes amount to £180. 8. 3., and of the whole union to £373. 8.3. The church is a neat modern building with a square tower, erected in 1811, by aid of a gift of £600 from the late Board of First Fruits; it is nearly in the centre of the union. The glebe-house near it was built in 1814, by aid of a gift of £400 and a loan of £210 from the same Board. There are two glebes, comprising together 24 acres, valued at £2 per acre. In the R. C. divisions the parish is also the head of a union, co-extensive with that of the Established Church; there are chapels at Dysart and Conragh. A school is supported by subscription, aided by the rector, in which are about 30 children. There are some remains of the old church, with a cemetery; and at Teaghboyan are the remains of a monastery, of which St. Baithen was abbot, and probably the founder; no records of it since the year 1229 are extant.

CHURCHTOWN, a district parish, in the barony of FORTH, county of WEXFORD, and province of LEINSTER, 2 1/2 miles (S. W.) from Broadway; containing 1429 inhabitants. It is situated on the Lough of Tacumshane, and was constituted an ecclesiastical district, comprising the parishes of Ballymore and Tacumshane, in 1834. The living is a perpetual curacy, in the diocese of Ferns, and in the patronage of the Chancellor of the diocese for the first three turns, after which the right of presentation will vest in the Bishop. The tithes of five townlands comprising 693 statute acres, amounting to £70. 10. 1 1/2., and a glebe of more than four statute acres were allotted for the support of the curate. The church, a neat building, was finished in 1835, at an expense of £800, granted by the late Board of First Fruits. In the R. C. divisions it is partly in the district of Maglass, and partly in that of Lady's Island, in which respectively are the chapels of Ballymore and Tacumshane. A parochial school has been established under the superintendence of the perpetual curate. The only remains of antiquity are the ruins of the old parish church of Tacumshane.

 

CLADY.--See CLAUDY.

CLAHANE -- See CLOHANE.

CLANDUFF -- See CLONDUFF.

 

CLARA, a market and post-town, and ecclesiastical district in the barony of KILCOURSEY, KING'S county,and province of LEINSTER, 6 miles (N. N. W.) from Tullamore, and 48 1/2 miles (W. by S.) from Dublin; containing 7743 inhabitants, of which number, 1149 are in the town. This place is situated on the river Brosna, near the Grand Canal, and on the road from Tullamore to Athlone. The town contains 228 houses, most of which are neatly built, and the inhabitants are amply supplied with timber, fuel, and water. It had formerly a considerable trade, and an extensive market for grain; not less than eleven distilleries were conducted with success; but since the completion of the canal it has been deprived of most of its trade. The weaving of cotton and linen employs about 260 persons; the manufacture of tobacco, soap, and candles, is carried on; there are a brewery, a tanyard, and four corn and flour-mills, the produce of two being exclusively for the English market; also an extensive bleach-green. The market is on Wednesday, and is amply supplied with grain; and fairs are held on Jan. 6th, Feb. 1st, March 25th, May 12th, June 29th, July 25th, Sept. 26th and 27th, and Nov. 1st, for cattle, horses, sheep, and pigs. It is a constabulary police station; and petty sessions are held every Wednesday. The gentlemen's seats are Clara House, the residence of Edw. Cox, Esq., proprietor of the town; Woodfield, of A. Fuller, Esq.; and Kilclare, of John Armstrong, Esq.

The district, which forms part of the union of Ardnorcher, comprises the parishes of Kilmanaghan and Kilbride-Langan, forming the perpetual curacy of Clara, in the diocese of Meath, and in the patronage of the Incumbent of Ardnorcher. The church, a handsome edifice, was built about 60 years since; the Ecclesiastical Commissioners lately granted £212 for its repair. The glebe-house was built in 1812, by aid of a gift of £450 and a loan of £50 from the late Board of First Fruits. The income of the perpetual curate is £92. 6. 11. per annum, arising from 10 acres of glebe, a stipend of £55. 7. 8 1/2. per annum paid by the incumbent of Ardnorcher, and £18 per annum from Primate Boulter's augmentation fund. In the R. C. divisions the district forms part of the unions of Kilmanaghan and Clara; the latter also comprising the parishes of Ardnorcher and Kilbride-Langan, and containing two chapels, one at Horseleap, and the other at Clara, where preparations are in progress for erecting, in a handsome style, St. Bridget's Abbey, as a new R. C. church, on an eminence overhanging the town. There are places of worship for Primitive and Wesleyan Methodists, and one for Baptists; also a dispensary. About two miles north from Clara is the extensive bog of Kilmaleady, which in 1821 burst its bounds and flowed for nearly a mile and a half down an adjoining valley. Its further progress was arrested by judicious measures, but not till after it had covered about 150 acres, of which from 60 to 80 were buried under a superincumbent stratum of bog from six to ten feet in depth.

CLARA, county of MAYO.--See CLARE-ISLAND.

CLARAH, or CLARA, a parish, in the barony of GOWRAN, county of KILKENNY, and province of LEINSTER, 3 1/4 miles (E. by N.) from Kilkenny; containing 657 inhabitants. This parish is situated on the mail coach road from Dublin to Kilkenny, and contains 3165 statute acres. The principal seats are Clifden, the property of Viscount Clifden (to whom it gives title), but occupied by R. Blanchfield, Esq.; Kilmagan, the residence of James Butler, Esq.; and Clara Castle, of A. Byron, Esq. The living is a vicarage, in the diocese of Ossory, and is part of the union of St. John's; the rectory is impropriate in the corporation of Kilkenny. The tithes amount to £270, of which £180 is payable to the impropriators, and £90 to the vicar. The parochial church is in ruins: there is a glebe of 15 acres. In the R. C. divisions the parish forms part of the union or district of Gowran, and has a neat chapel. There are two private schools, in which are 100 boys and 40 girls.

CLARAN-BRIDGE, a village, in the parish of STRADBALLY, barony of DUNKELLIN, county of GALWAY, and province of Connaught, 3 1/2 miles (S.) from Oranmore, on the mail coach road from Galway to Gort; containing, in 1836, 450 inhabitants. A patent was granted in 1820 for a market, which is held on Tuesday, principally for oats and wheat. Fairs, chiefly for pigs and horses, are held on the first Thursday after the 11th of Feb. May, Aug., and Nov. The inlet of Ballinacourty runs up to the bridge at this place, and great benefit would result from the erection of a small pier, considerable quantities of sea-weed being landed here for manure, and peat for fuel. The village is the property of T. N. Redington, Esq., whose mansion of Kilcornan, in the vicinity, is about to be partially rebuilt, with additions. In the demesne are the ruins of an ancient castle, stated to have been the residence of Norah Burke, a cruel chieftainess of the Clanricarde family. Near it is Kilcolgan Castle, the seat of M. St. George, Esq. At the eastern entrance to the village are the R. C. chapel and the monastery of St. Patrick, built by the present proprietor's grandfather and father, who endowed the monastery with seven acres of land, on condition that the monks should gratuitously educate the poor children on the Kilcornan estate. The late C. Redington, Esq., also gave the site, and his widow is about to erect a house for the Sisters of Charity, at the northern entrance to the village.--See STRADBALLY.

CLARE, an ancient village, in the parish of BALLYMORE, barony of LOWER ORIOR, county of ARMAGH, and province of ULSTER, 2 miles (W. S. W.) from Tanderagee; the population is returned with the parish. It originally formed part of the extensive possessions of the O'Nials; after the attainder of Hugh, Earl of Tyrone, it was granted by Jas. I. to Michael Harrison, from whom it passed to Henry Boucher, Esq., who, in 1619, erected a bawn of stone and lime, 100 feet long by 80 wide, and subsequently built a large stone edifice, which was the origin of Clare castle, and located many English and Scottish families here. These settlers soon afterwards erected a meeting-house, which was destroyed, together with the whole village, in the war of 1641. A patent for a weekly market on Tuesday, and a fair on the 12th of May and two following days, was obtained in the reign of Jas. I. The market has not been held for many years, but the fair still exists, and is well supplied with horses, cattle, and pigs. The village is situated on the river Cusher, over which is an ancient stone bridge; and on the river are very extensive flour, meal, and flax-mills. Several important privileges were formerly exercised as belonging to the manor, but the estate having been sold by the Earl of Sandwich, in 1807, no manorial court has since been held. In the village is a meeting-house for Presbyterians in connection with the Synod of Ulster, occupying the site of that destroyed in 1641; and near it is one in connection with the Seceding Synod. There are also male and female schools. In the vicinity are the ruins of Clare castle, standing on an eminence which commands extensive prospects over one of the best cultivated districts in the North of Ireland: the castle is the property of Robt. Harden, Esq., of Harrybrook, who intends to rebuild it in the ancient style.--See BALLYMORE.

 

 

CLARE, or CLARA, an island, in the parish of KILGAVOWER, barony of MURRISK, county of MAYO, and province of Connaught, 15 miles (W.) from Westport; containing 1616 inhabitants. It is situated in the middle of the entrance of Clew bay, off the western coast, and is the property of Sir Samuel O'Malley, Bart., a descendant of that ancient sept, of which name there were 67 families resident in 1821. A cell of Carmelite friars was founded here in 1224, under the Invocation of the Blessed Virgin, which was afterwards annexed to the abbey of Knockmoy, in the county of Galway. Grace O'Malley, better known by the name of Graa Vile, and whose exploits in the 16th century are traditionally preserved in the island, made this place her strong hold, built a castle here, and had all her large vessels moored in the bay. This extraordinary woman was the daughter of Owen O'Malley, and widow of O'Flahertie, two chiefs in this part of Connaught. After the death of O'Flahertie, she married Sir Richard Bourke, called Mac William Oughter, who died in 1585. She was high spirited, bold, and adventurous, and at an early age became fond of a maritime life; she was ever foremost in danger, and her fame for intrepidity was such that Lord-Deputy Sydney, writing to the English council in 1576, observes, "O'Malley is powerful in galleys and seamen." The island is about four miles in length, and comprises about 3000 acres of cultivable and mountain land, which is undivided and held by the inhabitants in common; the agriculture is improving, and large quantities of grain are shipped here for Westport; the soil is fertile, but the crops are sometimes seriously injured by storms. In the R. C. divisions the islands of Clare and Innisturk form a parish, in which are places of worship, but no regular chapel; the inhabitants are all Roman Catholics. There are some remains of the old castle and of a telegraph; the highest point of land is 1520 feet above the level of the sea. About 340 persons, who are also farmers, are occasionally employed in the fishery; and a pier has been constructed, which is also used for the landing of sea manure. On the north-east point of the island a lighthouse was erected in 1818, by the corporation for improving the port of Dublin; it is situated in lat. 53° 49' 30" (N.), and lon. 9° 55' 30" (W.), and shews a steady bright light from 21 lamps, at an elevation of 487 feet above the level of the sea, which may be seen at a distance of 29 nautical miles in clear weather. Clew bay is from 10 to 12 miles in length and about 6 miles in breadth; about one-third of the breadth at the entrance is occupied by Clare Island, and in the upper part are numerous small islands, which, with the adjoining creeks and inlets of the mainland, form a variety of safe roadsteads and harbours for vessels of every class. The islands and channels on the Westport side of the bay are protected from the sea by a very singular breakwater of shingle and boulder stones, running with little interruption from the entrance of Newport harbour, at Innishugh island, to the southern shore, under Croaghpatrick mountain. Within this line of beach are six navigable openings, of which the most important is Beulascrona, nearly in the centre, forming the ordinary channel up to Westport, and marked by a small lighthouse on the northern beach.

CLARE, or CLAREMORRIS, a market and post-town, in the parish of KILCOLEMAN, barony of CLANMORRIS, county of MAYO, and province of Connaught, 14 miles (S. E. by S.) from Castlebar, and 117 1/2 (W. by N.) from Dublin; containing 1476 inhabitants. It is situated on the road from Ballinrobe to Castlerea, and consists of one long street, containing about 300 houses, principally slated. The market is on Wednesday; and fairs are held on May 24th, June 22nd, Aug. 17th, Sept. 27th, and Nov. 23rd. It is a chief station of the constabulary and revenue police, the latter having subordinate stations at Castlebar, Newport-Pratt, and Oughterard. Quarter sessions are held twice in the year at the court-house, which is a large building, about a quarter of a mile from the town, and petty sessions every Wednesday. The parochial church, a handsome building of ancient English architecture, with a light steeple, was erected by aid of a gift, in 1828, of £831, and a loan of £923 from the Ecclesiastical Commissioners. The R. C. chapel, a spacious slated building is in the town, and there is a place of worship for Wesleyan Methodists. About two miles from the town are the ruins of the castle of Marneen.--See KILCOLEMAN.

CLARE-ABBEY, a parish, in the barony of ISLANDS, county of CLARE, and province of MUNSTER, 2 miles (S.) from Ennis; containing, with the town and commons of Clare, 3881 inhabitants. This parish is situated on the river Fergus, and on the road from Ennis to Limerick, and was the seat of a richly endowed abbey, founded in 1195, for Augustinian friars, by Donald O'Brien, King of Limerick. At the suppression, in 1543, it was granted to the Barons of Ibrackan by Hen. VIII., and in 1620 was given in fee to Donough, Earl of Thomond, which grant was confirmed, in 1661, to Henry, Earl of Thomond. The parish contains 6694 statute acres; there are about 200 acres of bog, and the rest is principally in pasture; sea-weed is procured for manure on the shores of the Fergus, and limestone exists in abundance. Two fairs are held annually at Clare; and a seneschal's court for the recovery of small debts is held there monthly for the manor of Clonroad. The principal seats are Buncraggy, finely situated on the banks of the Fergus, and surrounded by a richly wooded demesne, the property of the Marquess of Conyngham, but now occupied by J. James, Esq.; Carnelly, the seat of the representatives of the late Col. Stamer; and Barntick, of D. Roche, Esq. The living is an impropriate cure, in the diocese of Killaloe, and in the patronage of the Bishop; the rectory is impropriate in the Earl of Egremont, the representatives of Giles Daxon, Esq., and the Rev. F. Blood. Of the 6694 acres, the tithes of 1153, amounting to £35. 1. 6., are paid to the incumbent alone; of 1005, amounting to £27. 13. 10., to the impropriators alone; and of 1904, amounting to £54. 2. 9., in equal shares to the incumbent and impropriators: the remaining 2632 acres being unprofitable land, pay no tithes. The church is a neat structure with a square tower, erected in 1813, by aid of a gift of £800 from the late Board of First Fruits, and repaired recently by a grant of £162. 4. 7. from the Ecclesiastical Commissioners. The glebe-house was built in 1822, by aid of a gift of £450 and a loan of £50 from the former Board. The glebe comprises 15 acres, subject to a rent of 10s. per acre, as £450 was paid by the late Board of First Fruits to reduce the rent. In the R. C. divisions this parish is the head of a union or district, called Clare, comprising the parishes of Clare-Abbey and Killone, in each of which is a chapel; that at Clare is a thatched building, which it is intended shortly to re-erect on a larger scale. There is a school under the care of the incumbent, in which are about 50 children; and there are two hedge schools, containing about 80; also a school under the superintendence of the parish priest. The remains of the abbey consist of a tower in tolerable preservation, surmounted by graduated battlements, and the ivy clad walls of the abbey church, which together form a very picturesque object when viewed from a distance.

CLARE-GALWAY, a parish, partly in the barony of CLARE, and partly in that of DUNKELLIN, county of GALWAY, and province of Connaught, 5 miles (N. E.) from Galway; containing 3588 inhabitants. This parish is situated on the river Clare, about four miles from its influx into Lough Corrib, and comprises 10,025 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act. A monastery for Franciscan friars was founded at Clare-Yndowl about the year 1290, by John de Cogan, who erected the buildings in a very elegant style and at a great expense. During the vacancy of the see of Enachdune, the pontificalia were deposited in this monastery till the appointment of a bishop; but were forcibly carried off, in 1296, by Philip de Blund, archdeacon of Tuam, by order of the Archbishop, who was desirous of annexing the see of Enachdune to that of Tuam. The monastery was further endowed, in 1368, by Thomas, Lord Athenry, and subsisted till the dissolution, when, with other possessions, it was granted to Richard, Earl of Clanricarde. The ruins are highly interesting, and give an adequate idea of the original extent and character of the building. The tower of the church still remains; it is supported on a pointed arch of beautiful symmetry, and, being close to the road from Galway to Tuam, is an object of great attraction to travellers. A portion of the ruins has been converted into a residence for Franciscan friars, and a small chapel has been built adjoining it, forming a strong contrast with the elegant grandeur of the ancient monastery. The river Clare is navigable for boats to Lough Corrib during the winter, and at a moderate expense might be rendered so at all seasons. A penny post to Galway and Tuam has been established. A castle was erected here by one of the family of De Burgo; it was strongly garrisoned by the Earl of Clanricarde on the breaking out of the war of 1641, and in 1643 was seized for the Irish by Capt. Burke, but was retaken by Sir Charles Coote in 1651. The remains, which are in good preservation, prove it to have been a fortress of great strength. The living is a vicarage, in the diocese of Tuam, and in the patronage of the Archbishop; the rectory is appropriate to the Warden of Galway: the tithes amount to £240. There is neither church, glebe-house, nor glebe. The R. C. parish is co-extensive with that of the Established Church: the chapel is a small slated building. There are two pay schools, situated respectively at Clare-Galway and Clash, in which are about 80 boys and 50 girls.

CLARE-TUAM.--See BELCLARE.

CLASHACROW, or DE-GLAISHCROE, a parish, in the barony of CRANAGH, county of KILKENNY, and province of LEINSTER, 1 1/4 mile (S. S. E.) from Freshford; containing 250 inhabitants. This parish is situated on the river Nore, and on the road from Kilkenny to Freshford, and comprises 979 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act. It is a rectory, in the diocese of Ossory, and forms part of the union of Freshford: the tithes amount to £73. 16. 11. In the R. C. divisions it is also part of the union or district of Freshford.

CLASHMORE, a post-town and parish, in the barony of DECIES-within-DRUM, county of WATERFORD, and province of MUNSTER, 12 miles (S. W.) from Dungarvan; containing 3772 inhabitants, of which number, 387 are in the town. Glaismhor abbey was founded here, according to Archdall, by Caunchear, at the command of St. Mochuda of Lismore, who died in the year 655; it subsisted till the general suppression, when its possessions were granted to Sir Walter Raleigh. The town is situated on the mail coach road from Waterford through Youghal to Cork (to each of which a sub-post-office has been lately established), and near the navigable river Blackwater, from which a navigable pill runs up within half a mile of the town, and in its course receives the waters of the Greague rivulet; it is navigable for lighters of 20 tons' burden, and might be greatly improved at a trifling expense. Over the river Blackwater is a handsome and very long wooden bridge, which leads towards Youghal. The total number of houses, in 1831, was 50. A distillery is carried on, producing nearly 20,000 gallons of whiskey annually; and there is a large boulting-mill. Fairs are held on Feb. 8th, May 20th, Aug. 20th, and Dec. 16th. A constabulary police force is stationed here; and petty sessions are held every alternate week. The small village of Ballinamultina, in this parish, is about half a mile to the north-east of the town, on the road to Dungarvan, and contains the handsome residence of F. Kennedy, Esq. The parish is bounded on the west by the river Blackwater, and comprises 7068 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act; the lands near the river are fertile, but towards the east are mountainous and of inferior quality. About one-half of the parish is under tillage, and the remainder in pasture. Clashmore House, the seat of R. Power, Esq., is pleasantly situated in a fine demesne, near the confluence of the Greague stream with the Blackwater; the grounds are embellished with some remarkably fine trees; and near the mansion is a well of excellent water, called St Mochuda's well. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Lismore, partly impropriate in the Duke of Devonshire, and partly constituting the corps of the prebend of Clashmore in the cathedral of Lismore, to which the vicarage, with cure of souls, is united, and in the patronage of the Archbishop of Cashel. The tithes amount to £705. 2. 8., of which £382. 16. 8. is payable to the impropriator, and £322. 6. to the prebendary. The church is a neat modern edifice with a spire. The glebe-house, the residence of the prebendary, is pleasantly situated; the glebe comprises 10 acres, subject to a rent of £3 per acre. In the R. C. divisions this parish is the head of a union or district, including also the parish of Kinsalebeg, in each of which is a chapel; that of Clashmore is a neat and commodious edifice, recently erected. A school-house was built by the Kildare-Place Society, but it is not now used as such. There are two pay schools, in which are about 220 children, and a dispensary.

CLAUDY, a village, in the parish of UPPER CUMBER, barony of TIRKERAN, county of LONDONDERRY, and province of ULSTER, 7 1/2 miles (E. N. E.) from Londonderry; containing 180 inhabitants. It is situated on the road from Belfast to Londonderry, to the latter of which it has a penny post. Eight fairs are held for cattle, horses, and pigs; a constabulary police force has been stationed in the village, and petty sessions are held on the first Friday in every month. In the vicinity are some handsome seats and extensive woods and plantations, which are described in the article on the parish; and there are some large bleach-greens, not now in use. In the village are a R. C. chapel, a place of worship for Presbyterians in connection with the Synod of Ulster, and a national school.

CLAUDY, a village, in the parish of URNEY, barony of STRABANE, county of TYRONE, and province of ULSTER, 3 miles (S. S. W.) from Strabane; containing 176 inhabitants. It is situated on the road from Londonderry to Sligo, and on the river Finn, comprising one irregularly built street containing 44 houses, most of which are old. Fairs for the sale of cattle, sheep, and pigs, are held on Aug. 1st and Nov. 16th. Close to the village is a handsome bridge of seven arches over the Finn, connecting Claudy with the county of Donegal. Prior to the erection of this bridge, there was an important ford here, which was contested with great slaughter by the partisans of William and James, in 1688; and at the time of the siege of Londonderry it was a strong post under Col. Skeffington, who was driven from it by the Duke of Berwick, a short time before Jas. II. crossed the Finn at this place. -- See Urney.

CLEENISH, a parish, partly in the baronies of MAGHERASTEPHANA and TYRKENNEDY, but chiefly in the barony of CLANAWLEY, county of FERMANAGH, and province of ULSTER; containing, with the post-town of Lisbellaw (which see), 10,557 inhabitants. This place derived its name, originally Cluan Innis, from an island in Lough Erne, where was a monastery, of which St. Synell was abbot about the middle of the 6th century, and with whom St. Fintan resided for more than 18 years. The parish, which is situated on the shores of Lough Erne, and on the road from Dublin to Enniskillen, comprises, according to the Ordnance survey, 36,531 statute acres (including islands), of which 996 1/4 are in the barony of Magherastephana, 4898 1/4 in that of Tyrkennedy, and 30,636 1/2 in the barony of Clanawley: 3804 1/4 acres are under water, including 1051 in Upper, and 492 1/2 in Lower Lough Mac Mean, 1448 1/2 in Upper Lough Erne, and 811 1/4 in the river Erne and small loughs. In Upper Lough Erne are several islands, of which those of Bellisle, Killygowan, and several smaller ones, are within the limits of this parish. There is little wood, except on gentlemen's demesnes, and there are several bogs and a large tract of mountain. The land is of good quality, and the system of agriculture is improving; a large portion is in meadow and pasture, and that which is under tillage produces good crops. Limestone and freestone are abundant and are quarried for agricultural and for building purposes; and in the mountainous parts of the parish good flags are obtained. The gentlemen's seats are Fairwood Park, the residence of J. Denham, Esq.; Skea, of G. Hassard, Esq.; Garden Hill, of W. Hassard, Esq.; Bellisle, of the Rev. J. G. Porter; Snow Hill, of J. D. Johnstone, Esq.; Russian, of Capt. Jones; Ballanaleck, of A. Nixon, Esq.; Lisbofin House, of C. Fausset, Esq. Corrard House, the property of Sir A. B. King, Bart.; and Cliniharnon Cottage, the residence of the Rev. J. O'Reilly, commanding fine lake and mountain views. Near it is a holy well, overspread by the branches of a large thorn. Fairs are held at Holywell and Lisbellaw, for cattle and pigs. A manorial court is held on the estate of Gen. Archdall; and petty sessions are held at Shanmullagh and Lisbellaw every fortnight.

The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Clogher, and in the patronage of the Provost and Fellows of Trinity College, Dublin: the tithes amount to £568. 15. 4. The church is a neat edifice, built in 1818 by aid of a gift of £900 from the late Board of First Fruits, and is surrounded by plantations. There are also chapels of ease at Lisbellaw and Mullaghdan, both neat buildings, to the latter of which the Ecclesiastical Commissioners have recently made a grant of £134. 9. 11. for repairs. The glebe-house is a good residence, built in 1825; the glebe comprises 840 statute acres. In the R. C. divisions the parish forms part of the union or district of Enniskillen, and is partly a parish of itself; there are four chapels, one of which, at Lisbellaw, belongs to the union of Enniskillen, and the other three to this parish; the latter are situated respectively at Mullaghdan, Mullymeisker, and Holy-well, and are all neat edifices; that at Holywell was built in 1829, at an expense of £400. There are two places of worship for Presbyterians of the Seceding Synod, one of the second class at Lisbellaw, and the other at Corrard. There is also at Lisbellaw a place of worship for Wesleyan Methodists. There are two schools aided by subscription, and a national school at Mullymeisker, in which together about 200 boys and 130 girls are instructed. There are also 16 pay schools, in which are about 560 boys and 300 girls, and seven Sunday schools. Several mineral springs exist in different parts of the parish, but they are not used medicinally.

CLEMENTSTOWN, a village, in the parish of ASHFIELD, barony of TULLAGHGARVEY, county of CAVAN, and province of ULSTER, 3/4 of a mile (N. N. W.) from Cootehill; containing 182 inhabitants. This place derived its name from its proprietor, Col. Clements: it is situated on the road from Cootehill to Red hills and Belturbet, and contains 44 houses. Here is a good stone bridge of four arches, crossing the Cootehill river from Bellamont forest to Lough Erne.

CLENORE, a parish, in the barony of FERMOY, county of CORK, and province of MUNSTER, 2 1/2 miles (S.) from Doneraile; containing 1303 inhabitants. This parish is situated on the north side of the river Blackwater, and on the road from Mallow to Castletown-Roche, and contains 4163 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, about two-thirds of which are arable and the remainder pasture. The land is in general of superior quality, and by the exertions of Pierce Nagle, Esq., irrigation and other improvements in agriculture have been extensively introduced. There is a small quantity of wet bog, and abundance of limestone, which is worked for building and agricultural purposes. Culm exists, and a shaft has been sunk, from which some fine specimens have been obtained. The principal seats are Anakissy, the residence of Pierce Nagle, Esq.; Killura, of Cornelius Linihan, Esq.; and Castle-Kevin, of E. Badham Thornhill, Esq. The ancient castle was the property of the Roches, and the present extensive castellated mansion was rebuilt by Mr. Thornhill after designs by Mr. Flood, in the Elizabethan style. It consists of a regular front flanked by semicircular towers with embattled parapets: at the back is an octangular tower, from which the light is thrown into the grand hall through a window of stained glass, exhibiting the family arms, &c. The entrance is through a porch of hewn limestone, and a skreen of the same material extends along the front of the building.

The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Cloyne, united from the earliest period with the rectories of Ahacross and Templemolloghy, part of the rectory of Ballyvourney, and the nominal vicarage of Rogeri Calvi, which only exists in the incumbent's titles and the diocesan records: these parishes constitute the corps of the chancellorship of the cathedral of Cloyne, in the patronage of the Bishop. The tithes of this parish amount to £350, and the entire tithes of the union payable to the incumbent amount to £791. 14. 5. The church is a neat modern edifice with a square tower, built in 1811, near the ruins of one of ancient date, by aid of a gift of £800 from the late Board of First Fruits. There is no glebe-house, but a glebe of about 6 1/2 acres. In the R. C. divisions this parish is one of the three that form the union or district of Monanimy, which has chapels at Kealavullen, in the parish of Monanimy, and at Anakissy, in Mr. Nagle's demesne. There is a private school, in which are about 24 children.

CLERIHAN, a village, in the parish of Newchapel, barony of IFFA and OFFA EASt, county of TIPPERARY, and province of MUNSTER, 4 miles (N. W.) from Clonmel; containing 230 inhabitants. This place is situated on the road from Clonmel to Cashel, and contains 37 houses; it has a fair on Sept. 30th, and is a constabulary police station. There is a neat R. C. chapel in the village. -- See Newchapel.

CLIFDEN, a sea-port, in the parish of Omey, barony of BALLYNAHINCH, county of GALWAY, and province of Connaught, 39 1/2 miles (W. by N.) from Galway, and 144 miles (W.) from Dublin; containing 1257 inhabitants. It is situated on an eminence on the shore of a winding estuary that falls into Ardbear, or Clifden, harbour, on the Connemara or western coast; and is quite of modern origin, as it contained only one house in 1815, when John D'Arcy, Esq., settled here, principally through whose exertions 300 had been erected previously to 1835, including a commodious hotel for the accommodation of visitors; and although Clifden and a large tract of country did not yield 1s. of revenue in 1814, it yielded a revenue of £7000 in 1835. In that year also 800 tons of oats were exported to London and Liverpool, when, so recently as 1822, scarcely a stone of oats could be procured. It has a daily post to Galway. A chief constabulary police force is stationed in the town; and it is the residence of the inspecting commander of the Clifden district of coast-guard stations, which comprises Innislaken, Mannin bay, Claggan, and the Killeries. Markets are held in a neat market-house on Wednesday and Saturday; and fairs on June 25th, Sept. 1st, Oct. 15th, and Dec. 17th. This is a quarter sessions town, and petty sessions are held every second Thursday. There is a bridewell, containing three day-rooms and several cells, with keepers' apartments; and a handsome sessions-house is in course of erection. An elegant church and school have been erected, principally at Mr. D'Arcy's expense; and there are a R. C. chapel, national school, dispensary, and fever hospital in the town. At a short distance, on the northern side of the town, is Clifden Castle, the delightful residence of John D'Arcy, Esq., the proprietor of the district, by whom it was erected. It is a castellated house standing on the verge of a fine lawn sloping down to the bay, and sheltered behind by woods and a range of mountain; the view to the right embraces a wide expanse of ocean. The pleasure grounds comprise about fifteen acres, and are adorned with a grotto of considerable extent, through which passes a stream, and with a shell-house or marine temple, composed of shells, spar, ore, &c.; though on the shore of the Atlantic, the trees and shrubs flourish luxuriantly. Two copper mines were worked here for a short period, and some coal has been found in the neighbourhood. Green and white marble are met with near Clifden Castle, of which the former has been worked, but not extensively.

The surrounding country is mountainous: much of it has been brought into cultivation by Mr. D'Arcy. It is generally a boggy soil, from three to four feet deep; sea sand has been principally employed in reclaiming the bog, which produces particularly fine oats, that have borne a higher price in London than any other in the market. In 1822, roads were commenced by Government from Oughterard to Clifden, from Galway to Clifden, and from Clifden to Westport, the completion of which and the formation of new ones in Connemara would prove highly beneficial to the district. There is a quay at Clifden, where vessels of 200 tons burden can lie, and part of the funds for the relief of the distressed Irish were expended in lengthening it. Corn and butter are shipped here for Liverpool, and large quantities of sea manure landed. This quay was commenced by Mr. Nimmo, in 1822, and its completion would be of great benefit, as it is the only place from which corn and fish are exported, and at which salt, iron, pitch, tar, hemp, timber, groceries, and manufactured goods, are imported. There is a great quantity of fish on this coast, and vessels from the Skerries and other places often fish here. At the head of Ardbear harbour is a good salmon fishery, into which falls the mountain stream or river of Owen-Glan. The shores of the bay of Clifden, which is also called Ardbear, are high; the entrance to the harbour would be greatly benefited by the erection of a lighthouse on Caragrone rock. Mackenzie, in his chart of the western coast, lays this down as the safest and best harbour for large vessels: it is a rendezvous for vessels of war on this coast, which can ride in the greatest storms secure from all gales. Stores for salt and other necessaries for the fishery, or for ships in distress, have been erected near the harbour. Within a mile of the town are the remains of a druids' altar; and at Clifden Castle is an excellent, chalybeate spring. -- See Omey.

CLODY. -- See CLOYDAGH.

CLOGH, or CLOUGH, a village, in the parish of DUNAGHY, barony of KILCONWAY, county of ANTRIM, and province of ULSTER, 6 miles (N. W. by N.) from Broughshane; containing 121 inhabitants. This place is situated at the junction of several roads, on the acclivity of a hill near the Ravel water, and comprises 20 houses. It is the head of the manor of Old Stone, and contains the manorial court-house, in which the court was formerly held once in three weeks; but the court leet only is now held there. The court-room is large and of good proportions; adjoining it is a jury-room, and underneath are two rooms for debtors, against whom decrees have been issued out of the manor court: it is maintained by the barony. On a high rock which overlooks the village and surrounding country to a considerable distance formerly stood a castle, of which the principal remains are part of a gateway of great strength. Within it there appears to have been a draw well, and beyond it a fosse, which divides the surface of the rock into two equal parts: the foundations of various buildings may yet be perceived. It is stated by tradition to have belonged originally to the Mac Quillans, until taken from them by the Mac Donnells, the result of a great battle fought on the mountain of Ora or Slievenahera. At an early period a nunnery is also said to have stood on this rock. Fairs are held on Feb. 8th, April 4th, May 27th, Aug. 5th, Nov. 8th, and Dec. 9th, chiefly for the sale of cattle, and a great number of ponies are brought to them from the highlands of Scotland. -- See Dunaghy.

CLOGHAN, a village and post-town, in the parish of GALLEN, barony of GARRYCASTLE, KING’S county, and province of LEINSTER, 4 1/2 miles (N. E.) from Banagher, and 60 (S. W. by W.) from Dublin; containing 460 inhabitants. This place, which is situated on the road from Ferbane to Banagher, and near the river Shannon and the grand canal, contains 84 dwellings, which are chiefly thatched and neatly whitewashed cottages. Fairs are held on Jan. 1st, May 16th, and Oct. 29th; and a constabulary police force is stationed in the village. Numerous ruined castles of the O'Coghlan sept are scattered over the surrounding country, of which the most remarkable is that of Streamstown, near Castle-Iver, where are also some boulting-mills; and about a mile from the village was the ancient manorial mansion of the family. -- See Gallen.

CLOGHANE, or CLAHANE, a parish, in the barony of CORKAGUINEY, county of KERRY, and province of MUNSTER, 6 miles (N. N. E.) from Dingle; containing 2772 inhabitants, of which number, 222 are in the village. This place is situated on St. Brandon's bay on the western coast; and the parish is divided by part of the Connor range of hills into the northern and southern portions. In the former is St. Brandon's Hill, a mountain of considerable elevation, near the summit of which are the remains of an oratory or chapel, dedicated to St. Brandon, and a remarkably fine spring of water. This mountain, of which, from its proximity to the sea, the summit is rarely seen unclouded, is terminated on the north by the promontory of Brandon Head, 8 1/2 nautical miles (E. N.) from Smerwick, between which and Magharee Head, on the east, is Brandon bay. This bay, from the number of sunken rocks and the frequent squalls from the mountains, is extremely dangerous; and vessels can only anchor in safety on the western side, and there only in fair weather. A small pier was erected by the late Fishery Board. The fishery is chiefly carried on in yawls and canoes; it affords employment during the season to 250 persons, who at other times are engaged in agriculture. A considerable quantity of sea manure is landed at the pier; great quantities of butter are sent hence in hookers to Limerick; and there is a flour-mill and also a tucking-mill in the parish, both worked by water. At Ballyguin is a coast-guard station, being one of those which constitute the district of Dingle. The village, which is near the shore of the bay, contains 43 houses, mostly thatched; and in it are situated the parochial church, a R. C. chapel, and a school.

The parish, including a detached portion called Lateeves, a very fertile tract of 889 acres, locally in the parish of Kilmelchedor, comprises 27,740 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, of which a large tract consists of mountain and bog; a small portion of the land is under tillage, producing excellent and early crops; the chief manure is sea-weed, which is obtained in great abundance. The principal seats are Brandon Lodge, the residence of Mrs. Hussey; Fermoyle, of J. Hillyard, Esq.; and Keelmore, of P. B. Hussey, Esq. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Ardfert and Aghadoe, and in the patronage of the Bishop: the tithes amount to £184. 12. 3 3/4. The church, a neat edifice with a square tower, situated in the village of Cloghane, was erected in 1828, by aid of a gift of £830 from the late Board of First Fruits. There is neither glebe-house nor glebe. In the R.C. divisions the north portion of the parish forms part of the union or district of Killeiny, or Castle-Gregory; the south portion, with the exception of Lateeves, is included in the district of Dingle; and the detached portion of Lateeves forms part of the district of Kilmelchedor. The chapel in the village, a commodious slated building, erected in 1824, is dependent on that of Killeiny, or Castle-Gregory. The parochial school at Ballyguin is chiefly supported by an annual donation from the incumbent; and a school in the village is supported under the patronage of the R. C. clergyman. The ruins of the old parish church are still remaining; and on the sea shore are some remains of an ancient castle, of which no account is extant. At Coomainaire, or "the Valley of Slaughter," numerous ancient arrows have been found at various times, from which circumstance and the traditional name of the place it would appear that a battle had been fought here at. a very remote period. A patron is held on the last Sunday in July, in honour of St. Brandon.

CLOGHBRACK, a village, in the parish and barony of ROSS, county of GALWAY, and province of Connaught, 7 miles (W. by N.) from Cong, on the road to the Partry mountains; containing 191 inhabitants.

CLOGHEEN, a market and post-town, partly in the parish of TULLAGHORTON, but chiefly in that of SHANRAHAN, barony of IFFA and OFFA WESt, county of TIPPERARY, and province of MUNSTER, 11 1/2 miles (S. W.) from Clonmel, and 94 (S. W. by S.) from Dublin; containing 1928 inhabitants. This place is situated on the river Tar, and on the mail coach road from Clonmel to Cork, near the foot of the steep northern ascent of the mountain of Knockmeladown. A large trade in agricultural produce is carried on, chiefly for exportation, and more than 80,000 barrels of wheat are annually purchased in its market and in the neighbourhood, which is made into flour of very superior quality and sent by land to Clonmel, whence it is conveyed down the Suir. For this purpose there are seven flour-mills in the town and neighbourhood, which are worked by fourteen water wheels; there is also an extensive brewery. A new road has lately been made from Clogheen to Lismore, with a branch to Cappoquin, the greatest rise on which is one in 30 feet. The neighbouring mountains abound with iron-stone, and iron ore was formerly smelted here. At Castle-Grace, near the town, a lead mine was worked about 40 years since, the ore of which contained a large proportion of silver. The environs abound with varied scenery. In the immediate vicinity is Bay loch, about three quarters of a mile in circumference, and its depth in the centre is about 33 yards; a mountain rises over it with nearly a perpendicular ascent to an elevation of about 600 feet, and eagles are sometimes seen hovering over the lake. On the north side of Knockshannacoolen, Lord Lismore planted about 100 acres of trees, which thrive well and form a pleasing contrast with the ruggedness of the neighbouring mountains. Shanbally Castle, the splendid seat of his lordship, is about 2 1/2 miles from the town. The market is on Saturday; and fairs are held on Whit-Monday, Aug. 1st, Oct. 28th, and Dec. 12th. The market-house is a commodious building. At the entrance of the town are barracks for the accommodation of two troops of cavalry. A constabulary police force has been stationed here; a manor court is held before the seneschal of the manor of Everard's castle, in which the town is included, for the recovery of debts not exceeding £10; and petty sessions are held on alternate Thursdays. There is a small bridewell, comprising four cells, two day-rooms, and two airing-yards; also a dispensary and fever hospital. At a short distance from the church are the ruins of the parish church of Shanrahan, near which are the remains of St. Mary's abbey; and on the summit of Knockmeladown were interred the remains of Henry Eeles, who published many papers on electricity. Adjoining the town are Cooleville, the residence of S. Grubb, Esq., and Claishleigh, of S. Grubb, Esq. A few miles distant, at Skiheenarinky, on the estate of the Earl of Kingston, is a very remarkable cavern in the limestone strata. The entrance is by a descent of 15 or 20 feet, in a narrow cleft of the rock, into a vault 100 feet in length and 60 or 70 feet high; a winding passage on the left leads for about half a mile through a variety of chasms, some of which are so extensive that, when lighted up, they have the appearance of a vaulted cathedral supported by massive columns; the walls, ceiling, and pillars often presenting highly fantastic forms, and are incrusted with spar of great brilliancy. The stalactites in some places form entire columns, and in others have the appearance of drapery hanging from the ceiling in graceful forms; the angles between the walls appear as if fringed with icicles, and in one part of the caverns is a deep pool of water, the passage of which has not been yet explored. About a quarter of a mile to the east of this cavern is the entrance to another that was discovered in 1833. -- See Shanrahan and Tullaghorton.

CLOGHER, or K1LCLOGHER, a parish, in the barony of FERRARD, county of LOUTH, and province of LEINSTER, 6 1/4 miles (N. E.) from Drogheda; containing 1392 inhabitants. This place, which was anciently called Kilfinnabhoir, was distinguished, in the earliest ages of Christianity in Ireland, by the foundation of a religious establishment, of which St. Nectan, nephew of St. Patrick, was abbot or bishop. It is situated on the eastern coast; and the village, which is about half a mile to the west of Clogher Head, contains about 80 houses and 592 inhabitants, who are chiefly engaged in the fishery, which employs seven smacks from 25 to 40 tons burden each, and 20 row boats. On the north side of Clogher Head is a small cove or dock, partly natural and partly excavated, to which a passage for boats has been cut through the beach. It is much frequented by fishing vessels, on account of its affording shelter from all winds but the north-east; it was much improved by the late Wallop Brabazon, Esq., and might be made one of the best safety harbours in the kingdom. On the south side of the promontory a broad strand extends four miles to the mouth of the Boyne; and to the north of the village, stretching to Dunany Point, is a sandy bay with low reefs, of which one, nearly in the centre, called Cargee, is covered at high water. At Clogher Head is a coast-guard station, one of the six that constitute the Dundalk district. The parish contains, according to the Ordnance survey, 1861 1/4 statute acres, and is principally under tillage; and there is no waste land. The principal seat is Glaspistole House, the residence of J. Markey, Esq. It is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Armagh, and is part of the union of Termonfeckan: the tithes amount to £98. In the R. C. divisions it forms part of the union or district of Rathdrummin, and has a neat chapel at Hackett's Cross, with a national school adjoining. There are also a school aided by Capt. Hanfield, and a small hedge school. Near Mr. Markey's seat are the ruins of an ancient castle, consisting principally of a square tower, and at the village of Clogher are the ruins of the old church.

CLOGHER, a parish, in the barony of KILNEMANAGH, county of TIPPERARY, and province of MUNSTER, 6 miles (S. W.) from Thurles; containing, with the parish of Rathkenan, 2062 inhabitants. This parish is situated on the high road from Tipperary to Thurles, and comprises 6997 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, and valued at £4935 per annum. About one-half is good arable and pasture land, and the remainder, with the exception of a small portion of underwood, is mostly mountainous, with some bog. The living is a vicarage, in the diocese of Cashel, united at a period unknown to the vicarages of Inshyanly and Dovea, and the rectory and vicarage of Moykarkey, together forming the corps of the chancellorship of Cashel, in the patronage of the Archbishop; the rectory is impropriate in W. Moore, Esq. The tithes amount to £276. 18. 5 1/2. of which two-thirds are payable to the impropriator, and the remainder to the incumbent; and the amount of tithes for the union, payable to the chancellor, is £452. 6. 1 3/4. There is neither church nor glebe-house; the Protestant parishioners attend the church of Clonoulty; those of Inshyanly, the churches of Thurles and Templemore; and those of Moykarkey, that of Holy Cross. The glebe comprises 27 acres. In the R. C. divisions the parish forms part of the union or district of Clonoulty. There is a pay school, in which are about 140 children.

 

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